The Internet of Things (IoT) is coming to the NFL in a big way.
On Thursday, when the defending Superbowl XLIX champion New
England Patriots host the Pittsburgh Steelers to open the 2015 football
season, each player will be equipped with a set of RFID sensors about
the size of a quarter embedded in his shoulder pads, each emitting
unique radio frequencies. Gillette Stadium (and every other stadium used
by the NFL) has been equipped with 20 receivers to pick up those radio
frequencies and pinpoint every player's field position, speed, distance
traveled and acceleration in real time.
By using two sensors for each player — one embedded in the
left shoulder pad and one on the right — the system will also be able to
identify the facing of each player.
The NFL
plans to use the data generated to power the NFL 2015 app for Xbox One
and Windows 10, allowing for things like "Next Gen Replay" that will
allow fans to call up stats for each player tied into highlight clips
posted on the app. But that's just the beginning. The data will be fed
to broadcasters, leveraged for in-stadium displays and provided to
coaching staff and players.
Two sensors will be embedded in the shoulder pads of every NFL player. (Click for larger image.)
"We've always had these traditional
NFL stats," says Matt Swensson, senior director of Emerging Products and
Technology at the NFL. "The league has been very interested in trying
to broaden that and bring new statistics to the fans. Along the way,
there's been more realization about how the data can be leveraged to
make workflow more efficient around the game."
"This type of initiative really opens the doors to do more
things at the venue," Swensson adds. "At the Pro Bowl last year, we had a
display up that showed what players were on the field. By putting up
what players were on the field in real time, it really gave fans more
information."
Lincolnshire, Ill.-based Zebra Technologies
is the NFL's technology partner in its IoT push. Founded in 1969, Zebra
built its name on manufacturing and selling marking, tracking and
printing technologies ranging from thermal barcode label and receipt
printers, RFID smart label printer/encoders and card and kiosk printers.
Beginning in 2013, it began pivoting into IoT and machine to machine
(M2M) applications with the launch of its Zatar software platform. In
the same year, it launched its MotionWorks Sports Solution, which powers
the NFL initiative. [ Related: Fan experience key to success of drones, VR in pro sports ]
"Traditionally, Zebra has done bar coding," says Jill
Stelfox, vice president and general manager, Location Solutions, Zebra
Technologies.
But in 2007, she explains, Zebra acquired WhereNet, a specialist in
active RFID tags. A number of acquisitions in real-time location
software and hardware followed, and in 2012 the company began thinking
about new markets that might be accessible to it through the technology.
"We started a project in sports," she says. "What do you
need in order to effectively track professional athletes? You need the
ability to track a motion in subseconds. Our tags can blink up to 85
times per second."
You also need the capability to deliver data from a tag to a server
with very low latency. She notes that it takes about 120 milliseconds
between the time a tag blinks on the field and when it hits a server.
The location data is accurate to within six inches.
"Then you need to put analytics on it so you can make
decisions about what's happening in real time in less than a second,"
she adds.
In the NFL, it's go big or go home
With a hardware and software solution in hand, Stelfox says
Zebra had to find a customer. It decided to go after the biggest fish in
the pond: the National Football League. It started with a meeting in
December 2012, before the Zebra Sports Solutions unit had even launched.
The partners went live with a trial in 2013, equipping more than 2,000
players with the tags and 18 of the league's 31 stadiums with receivers.
Tags were also deployed on officials, yard markers and pylons.
[ Related: IBM Watson brings cognitive computing to fantasy football ]
Over the course of the season, more than 17,000 plays of NextGen
Stats were measured — more than 1.7 billion sets of XY player
coordinates measured, transmitted and stored during games.
"Every NFL stadium is connected to a command center here in San
Jose," Stelfox says. "That command center has to operate as sort of a
central command of all the data. When the data is collected in the
stadium, it's sent in the stadium to the broadcaster in the stadium — it
never leaves the stadium from a broadcaster perspective — but it's also
distributed out to the NFL cloud."
All that happens in under a couple of seconds.
"The command center is our point of clarity," she says. "We can see
every tag on every player from San Jose when the game is live. If
there's something that goes wrong, we know about it very quickly and we
have dual recovery. All of that is controlled from a single point of
coverage in San Jose."
For coaching staff and players, the technology won't yet be available during games.
"Initially, it's really more of the post-game," Swensson
says. "Right now, we have a lot of stuff going on on the sidelines. It
could just be too much of a distraction during the game. It might be a
place we get down the line, but right now it's not what we're trying to
solve for."
That said, the data will be available to coaching staff and players
who could use it for post-game evaluations. It may also play a role in
training.
"We've just scratched the surface of what we can do with the data,"
Swensson says. "Every week there's another thought about how we can
expand upon the information we've pulled together."
"The possibilities are truly endless," adds Stelfox. "The
players love this kind of tracking technology because of that. They're
professional athletes by every stretch of the imagination. They want
more data about themselves — how they can stay hydrated better, perform
better. Anything that can help them do that, they really want."
She notes that the New Orleans Saints and Head Coach Sean Payton have
worked closely with Zebra on the player performance side of things.
"When you tell him that his star running back just ran seven
miles in what was supposed to be their off-day practice, that's
probably four miles too many," Stelfox says. "He might come to us then
and say, 'I want you to tell me when he's gotten to four."
One of the big lessons Zebra learned in the process, she adds, is
that generic data scientists weren't sufficient to gain insights from
the data. Zebra needed football experts.
"When you look at analytics in football, you really need
football people," she says. "We had to go out and hire football people.
The analytics from manufacturing weren't the same as the analytics from
football. We could see correlations in the data that seemed important
and then they weren't. We had to bring in people that had the football
expertise who could say, 'Look, this is why it matters.'"
This season, Swensson says, you can expect the NFL to surface some of
its new data on its Thursday night broadcasts and portions of games
aired on CBS. The data will also be integrated with NFL.com and the
NFL's fantasy football offerings.
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